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31. Gee H. W. Bush, Remarks to the Federal Assembly in Prague, Czechoslovakia, November 17, 1990, accessed o Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, eds.,The Ameri Presidency Project. 32. Ibid. 33. Gee H. W. Bush, Remarks at Maxwell Air Force Base War College, Montgomery, Alabama, April 13, 1991, in Michael D. Gambone,Small Wars: LowIy Threats and the Ameri Response Since Vietnam (Knoxville: Uy of Tennessee Press, 2012), 121. 34. fronting the Challenges of a Broader World, President ton Address to the UN General Assembly, New York City, September 27, 1993, iment of State Dispatch 4, no. 39 (September 27, 1993). 35. Ibid. 36. Gee W. Bush, Presidential Address to a Joint Session of gress, September 20, 2001, inWe Will Prevail: President Gee W. Bush on War, Terrorism, and Freedom (New York: tinuum, 2003), 13. 37. Gee W. Bush, Presidential Address to the Nation, October 7, 2001, in ibid., 33. 38. Agreement on Provisional Arras in Afghanistan Pending the Reestablishment of Perma Gover Institutions, December 5, 2001, UN peacemaker online archive. 39. UN Security cil Resolution 1510 (October 2003). 40. 的確有人透露,即便呼吁新政府注意性別敏感性,在波恩的起草者們還是得贊揚阿富汗的圣戰者hellip;hellip;是圣戰英雄(heroes)。 41. Winston Churchill,My Early Life (New York: Charles Sers Sons, 1930), 134. 42. See Chapter 2. 43.The National Security Strategy of the Uates of America(2002). 44. Gee W. Bush, Remarks by the President at the 20th Anniversary of the National Endowment for Democracy, Uates Chamber of erce, Washington, D.ovember 6, 2003). 45. 1991年的聯合國687號決議敦促停止第一次海灣戰爭的敵對行為,條件是伊拉克立即銷毀儲存的大規模殺傷性武器,并承諾永遠不再發展此類武器。伊拉克沒有遵守687號決議。早在1991年8月,安理會就宣布伊拉克實質上違背了自身義務。海灣戰爭之后數年中,安理會又通過了十多項決議,要求伊拉克完全遵守停火條款。安理會后來發現,薩達姆middot;侯賽因1998年最終停止了與聯合國武器檢查特別委員會和國際原子能機構的所有合作,趕走了停火協議要求它接待的聯合國檢查員。2002年11月,安理會通過了1441號決議,譴責伊拉克十年來拒不遵守協議,確定伊拉克一直且仍然實質違背了有關決議規定的義務。首席檢查員漢斯middot;布利克斯并不是主戰派,他于2003年1月向安理會提出報告,稱巴格達沒有解決突出的問題且態度前后不一。世界將長期討論這場軍事行動的意義,也將思考之后民主改造伊拉克時將采取的戰略。不過,只要還是忽略多邊背景,這場爭論及其對將來違反國際不擴散原則行為的意義也將模糊不清。 46. William J. ton, Statement on Signing the Iraq Liberation Act of 1998, October 31, 1998. 47. Remarks by the President at the 20th Anniversary of the National Endowment for Democracy, Washington, D.ovember 6, 2003. 48. Peter Baker,Days of Fire: Bush and ey in the White House(New York: Doubleday, 2013), 542. 49. Ibid., 523. 50. Gee Shultz, Power and Diploma the 1980s,Washington, D.C., April 3, 1984,Department of State Bulletin, vol. 84, no. 2086 (May 1984), 13. 第九章 技術、均衡和人的意識 1. For a review of these theoretical explorations, see Michael Gerson, The ins of Strategic Stability: The Uates and the Threat of Surprise Attack, inStrategic Stability: tending Interpretations, ed. Elbridge Colby and Michael Gerson (Carlisle, Pa: Strategic Studies Institute and U.S. Army War College Press, 2013); Michael Quinlan,Thinking About Nuclear ons: Principles, Problems, Prospects (Oxford: Oxford Uy Press, 2009). 2. See Chapter 6. 3. 關于1973年中東危機中美國的核戒備,已經有許多著述。實際上,其主要目的是讓常規部隊(第六艦隊和一個空降師)進入戒備狀態,以應對勃列日涅夫在致尼克松的信中所發出的威脅,即他將派蘇聯部隊赴中東作戰。戰略部隊戰備狀態的升級是邊際性的,莫斯科很可能根本就沒有注意到。 4. C. A. Mack, Fifty Years of Moores Law,IEEE Transas on Semiduanufacturing 24, no. 2 (May 2011): 202ndash;7. 5. For mostly optimistic reviews of these developments, see Rick Smolan and Jennifer Erwitt, eds.,The Human Face of Big Data(Sausalito, Calif.: Against All Odds, 2013); and Eric Schmidt and Jared ,The New Digital Age: Reshaping the Future of People, Nations and Business (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2013). For more critical perspectives, see Jaron Lanier,Who Owns the Future? (New York: Simon Schuster, 2013); Evgeny Morozov,The Delusion: The Dark Side of I Freedom (New York: PublicAffairs, 2011); andTo Save Everything, Click Here: The Folly of Teological Solutionism (New York: PublicAffairs, 2013). 6. 諾伯特middot;維納在其1948年的著作《控制論》中引入了網絡這個詞,指一種溝通節點,不過所指的是人與人之間而不是計算機與計算機之間。接近當前用法的網絡空間這個詞出自20世紀80年代幾位科幻小說作家的著作。 7. Viktor MayerSberger ah Cukier,Big Data: A Revolution That Will Transform How We Live, Work, and Think (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013), 73ndash;97.